EDUCE Overview Copyright 2009 Nikolas S. Boyd.
All rights reserved.

Limiting Adjective

Intent

Explicitly describe the cardinality of a relationship or an event.

Motivation

Software engineers care about measurements, both measurements captured by software solutions and measurements of the solutions themselves. As a consequence, software solution designs need to include information about instance populations, including constraints, limits, thresholds, order, storage sizing, etc. So, the description of relationships between instances must consider their cardinality: how many instances of each type participate in a relationship? Definite articles, indefinite articles, and indefinite pronouns offer hints about cardinality. However, where practical, explicit cardinality should be sought for problem descriptions and usage requirements.

Applicability

Use a limiting adjective when

Considerations

Limiting adjectives supply (or indicate the need for) quantitative information about subjects and objects, including number, order, degree, etc. Their presence indicates quantitative areas of a conceptual model that should be explored and specified more concretely during object-oriented analysis. Specific numbers that characterize the limitations on relationships should be obtained from the domain experts and solution users. For example, are the relationships

1,
0..1,
0..n,
1..n, or
some other interval?

The following table provides a schema for the kinds of limiting adjectives frequently found in human discourse and the questions that elicit them.

Question     Quantity     Examples
What Portion?   Partition   1 / 3
Which?   Ordinality   1st, 2nd, 3rd, ...
How Many?   Cardinality   1, 2, 3, ...
How Many Times?   Iteration   20 times
  Multiplication   20 fold
   
How Much?   Degree   close - closer - closest, ...
Whether?   Affirmation   always, every, ...
  Negation   none, never, ...
  Doubt   maybe, ...

Consequences

You can use a clause summary when a limiting adjective appears in statement about an activity or a relationship. You can use a condition description when a limiting adjective appears in a condition.

§ § §